2013年7月13日 星期六

Amar Gopal Bose (1929 – 2013)

Amar Gopal Bose (November 2, 1929  – July 12, 2013) was an American academic and entrepreneur. An electrical engineer and sound engineer, he was a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) for over 45 years.[1] He was also the founder and chairman of Bose Corporation. In 2011, he donated a majority of the company to MIT in the form of non-voting shares to sustain and advance MIT’s education and research mission.[2]
In 2007 he was listed in Forbes 400 as the 271st richest man in the world, with a net worth of $1.8 billion.[3] In 2009, he was no longer on the billionaire list, and returned to the list in 2011, with a net worth of $1.0 billion. [4]

Contents

Early life and education

Bose was born and raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to Noni Gopal Bose and an American mother. His father was an Indian and Bengali freedom revolutionary[5] who, having been imprisoned for his political activities, fled Calcutta in the 1920s in order to avoid further persecution by the British colonial police. [6]
Bose first displayed his entrepreneurial skills and his interest in electronics at age thirteen when, during the World War II years, he enlisted school friends as co-workers in a small home business repairing model trains and home radios, to supplement his family's income.[7]
After graduating from Abington Senior High School in Abington, Pennsylvania, Bose enrolled at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, graduating with a BS (Bachelor of Science) in Electrical Engineering in the early 1950s. Bose spent a year in Eindhoven, Netherlands, in the research labs at NV Philips Electronics; and a year as a Fulbright research student in New Delhi, India, where he met his future wife, whom he later divorced. He completed his PhD in Electrical Engineering from MIT, writing a thesis on non-linear systems under the supervision of Norbert Wiener and Yuk-Wing Lee.

Career

Following graduation, Bose became an Assistant Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. During his early years as a professor, Bose bought a high-end stereo speaker system in 1956 and he was disappointed to find that speakers with impressive technical specifications failed to reproduce the realism of a live performance. This would eventually motivate his extensive speaker technology research, concentrating on key weaknesses in the high-end speaker systems available at the time. His research on acoustics led him to invent a stereo loudspeaker that would reproduce, in a domestic setting, the dominantly reflected sound field that characterizes the listening space of the audience in a concert hall. His focus on psychoacoustics later became a hallmark of his company's audio products.
For initial capital to fund his company in 1964, Bose turned to angel investors, including his MIT thesis advisor and professor, Dr. Y. W. Lee. Bose was awarded significant patents in two fields that continue to be important to the Bose Corporation. These patents were in the area of loud speaker design and non-linear, two-state modulated, Class-D, power processing. The company Bose founded now employs more than 9,000 people worldwide and produces products for home, car, and professional audio, as well as conducting basic research in acoustics and other fields. Bose never made his company public, and since the company was privately held Bose was able to pursue risky long-term research. In a 2004 interview in Popular Science magazine, he said: "I would have been fired a hundred times at a company run by MBAs. But I never went into business to make money. I went into business so that I could do interesting things that hadn't been done before."
In addition to running his company, Bose remained a professor at MIT until 2001. In 2011, Bose donated a majority of the company's non-voting shares to MIT on the condition that the shares never be sold. [8]
Bose said that his best ideas usually came to him in a flash. "These innovations are not the result of rational thought; it's an intuitive idea."[9] His son, Vanu Bose, is the founder and CEO of Vanu, Inc., a firm whose software-based radio technology provides a wireless infrastructure that enables individual base stations to simultaneously operate GSM, CDMA, and iDEN protocols for cellphone voice and data transmission.[10]

Death

Bose died on July 12, 2013 at the age of 83.[11][12]

Honors and Awards

  • Fellow, IEEE, 1972 - for contributions to loudspeaker design, two-state amplifier-modulators, and nonlinear systems.
  • Honorary member, Audio Engineering Society, 1985.
  • The 2010 IEEE/RSE Wolfson James Clerk Maxwell Award, for "outstanding contributions to consumer electronics in sound reproduction, industrial leadership, and engineering education".[13]
  • In 2011, he was listed at #9 on the MIT150 list of the top 150 innovators and ideas from MIT.

References

  1. ^ "Amar G. Bose, Acoustic Engineer and Inventor, Dies at 83" The New York Times. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
  2. ^ "Amar Bose ’51 makes stock donation to MIT". MIT. 2011-04-29.
  3. ^ "Four Indian Americans make it to Forbes list". www.expressindia. Archived from the original on February 16, 2008. Retrieved February 18, 2008.
  4. ^ "Amar Bose's profile". www.forbes.com. Retrieved April 2, 2011.
  5. ^ "Rich & Famous In The US | Padma Rao Sundarji". Outlookindia.com. 1996-05-22. Retrieved 2012-07-21.
  6. ^ Lemley, Brad (2004-10-01). "Discover Dialogue: Amar G. Bose". Discover Magazine. Retrieved 2012-02-01.
  7. ^ Siliconeer: January 2005
  8. ^ Gift to MIT from Amar Bose Raises Tax Questions by Stephanie Strom. New York Times. April 30, 2011.
  9. ^ Popular Science Dec 2004
  10. ^ Shenoy, M. J. A. (1999-07-26). "Bose And Bose Vs MIT". Rediff. Retrieved 2012-02-01.
  11. ^ Rifkin, Glenn (July 12, 2013). "Amar G. Bose, Acoustic Engineer and Inventor, Dies at 83". New York Times.
  12. ^ Amar Bose, Pioneer of High-End Audio, Dies at 83 (Subscription required.)
  13. ^ "IEEE/RSE Wolfson James Clerk Maxwell Award Recipients". IEEE. Retrieved October 4, 2011.

External links

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