2025年7月27日 星期日

Germany builds a damless hydropower turbine that works in slow rivers德國打造無壩式水力渦輪機,可在緩流河中運行

 

德國打造無壩式水力渦輪機,可在緩流河中運行

德國新創公司 Aquaturbine 推出了一款革命性的水力發電機組,標誌著小型再生能源邁出了改變遊戲規則的一步。此發電機組無需水壩、高架或高速水流即可運作。該系統即使在流速緩慢的河流中也能發電,這對於離網和偏遠社區來說是一次重大飛躍。

這款攜帶式渦輪機採用仿生螺旋結構,模擬魚類逆流而上的遊動方式。螺旋葉片緩慢而穩定地旋轉,由水的自然運動驅動。它無需混凝土屏障或洪水,只需將其放置在流動的河流中即可。內部的磁化轉子和銅線圈系統將運動轉化為清潔電能。

一台體積不超過貨櫃的裝置可以持續為十幾戶家庭供電。與傳統的水力發電系統不同,這款渦輪機採用模組化設計,可擴展,並且不會破壞水生生態系統。它對魚類安全,對沉積物無害,並且可以在數小時內完成安裝。

德國的目標是將這些渦輪機部署到歐洲未充分利用的河流網絡中,尤其是在太陽能和風能利用率較低的地區。從亞馬遜河流域到非洲和東南亞部分地區,這些河流流速緩慢的國家最終可以在無需基礎設施成本的情況下獲得本地水力發電。

最棒的是?維修成本幾乎為零,渦輪機機身由防腐複合聚合物製成,設計使用壽命為水下25年以上。德國剛剛徹底改變了小型水力發電的運作方式。

Germany builds a damless hydropower turbine that works in slow rivers
In a game-changing step for small-scale renewable energy, German startup Aquaturbine has unveiled a revolutionary hydropower unit that works without dams, elevation, or high-speed flow. The system can generate electricity even in low-velocity rivers — a major leap forward for off-grid and remote communities.
This portable turbine works using a biomimetic spiral that replicates how fish swim upstream. The helical blades rotate slowly but consistently, driven by the natural movement of water. It doesn’t require concrete barriers or flooding — just placement in a flowing river. Inside, a magnetized rotor and copper coil system converts the motion into clean electricity.
One unit, no bigger than a shipping container, can power a dozen homes continuously. Unlike traditional hydropower systems, this one is modular, scalable, and doesn’t harm aquatic ecosystems. It’s fish-safe, sediment-friendly, and can be installed in hours.
Germany’s goal is to deploy these turbines across Europe’s underused river networks, especially where solar and wind are less viable. Countries with slow rivers — from the Amazon basin to parts of Africa and Southeast Asia — could finally have local hydropower without the infrastructure costs.
The best part? Maintenance is near-zero, and the turbine body is made from corrosion-proof composite polymers — designed to last 25+ years underwater. Germany has just transformed how small-scale hydropower works.

2025年7月21日 星期一

阿斯頓大學Aston University 僅使用光和一種經醫院批准的染料即可摧毀癌細胞,無需化療或放療。這些所謂的「分子風鎬」透過在近紅外光照射下以超高速振動來發揮作用,從內部粉碎癌細胞。

 阿斯頓大學Aston University 僅使用光和一種經醫院批准的染料即可摧毀癌細胞,無需化療或放療。這些所謂的「分子風鎬」透過在近紅外光照射下以超高速振動來發揮作用,從內部粉碎癌細胞。

研究人員開發出一種突破性的技術,僅使用光和一種經醫院批准的染料即可摧毀癌細胞,無需化療或放療。這些所謂的「分子風鎬」透過在近紅外光照射下以超高速振動來發揮作用,從內部粉碎癌細胞。

這種染料——氨基菁——常用於醫學成像——在光激活時會以每秒一兆次的速度振動。這種強烈的振動會破壞癌細胞膜,同時不會傷害健康細胞。在實驗室實驗中,99% 的人類黑色素瘤細胞被消滅;在小鼠實驗中,僅一次治療後,一半的腫瘤就消失了,其餘的腫瘤則顯著縮小。

這種方法的獨特之處在於它使用了近紅外光,這種光可以穿透人體內部 10 厘米,無需侵入性手術即可到達深層組織和器官。由於這種染料天然地靶向癌細胞,因此治療具有高度的針對性和精準性。

與傳統療法不同,癌細胞無法輕易抵抗物理破壞。由於該染料已獲得FDA批准用於臨床成像,這項創新有望快速進入人體試驗階段。

除了癌症之外,阿斯頓大學的另一項研究表明,一種「扭曲光」可以穿透皮膚和組織而不會發生扭曲。這或許能夠實現發炎、腫瘤甚至血糖變化的早期非侵入性檢測——這提供了一種無需手術或針頭的強大新型診斷工具。

Researchers have developed a groundbreaking technique that destroys cancer cells using only light and a hospital-approved dye—no need for chemotherapy or radiation. These so-called “molecular jackhammers” work by vibrating at ultra-high speeds when exposed to near-infrared light, shredding cancer cells from the inside.
The dye, aminocyanine—commonly used in medical imaging—vibrates at a trillion times per second when activated by light. This intense vibration ruptures cancer cell membranes while leaving healthy cells unharmed. In lab experiments, 99% of human melanoma cells were wiped out, and in mice, half of the tumors vanished after just one treatment while the rest significantly shrank.
What sets this approach apart is its use of near-infrared light, which can penetrate up to 10 centimeters into the body, reaching deep tissues and organs without invasive procedures. Since the dye naturally targets cancer cells, the treatment remains highly focused and precise.
Unlike conventional therapies, cancer cells can’t easily defend against physical destruction. And because the dye is already FDA-approved for clinical imaging, this innovation could fast-track into human trials.
Beyond cancer, another study from Aston University revealed that a type of “twisted light” can pass through skin and tissue without distortion. This could enable early, noninvasive detection of inflammation, tumors, or even changes in blood sugar—offering a powerful new diagnostic tool without surgery or needles.

2025年7月19日 星期六

將海水轉化為飲用水,模擬植物的蒸騰作用。

 麻省理工學院的工程師們開發了一種太陽能裝置,無需電力,即可將海水轉化為飲用水,模擬植物的蒸騰作用。

這種高效能的多層系統能夠為一個家庭提供足夠的日常用水,非常適合偏遠地區。

它成本低廉、零排放,並有望徹底改變沿海和乾旱地區的供水方式,進而解決全球淡水危機。


MIT engineers developed a solar-powered device that converts seawater into drinking water without electricity, mimicking plant transpiration.

This efficient, multi-layered system produces enough daily water for a family, ideal for remote areas.
Low-cost and emission-free, it could revolutionize water access in coastal and arid regions, addressing the global freshwater crisis.

Norwegian initiative to build carbon-negative infrastructure in every city by 2040. Norway designed a skyscraper that cleans the air like a forest — and powers itself with wind

 

Eu Corner──在美國紐約 

Norway designed a skyscraper that cleans the air like a forest — and powers itself with wind
In downtown Oslo, a 60-story skyscraper rises into the sky — but this isn’t just an office building. It’s The Breather, a self-sufficient vertical ecosystem that captures CO₂, filters air pollutants, and generates clean power through embedded wind vanes hidden in its façade.
The tower’s outer shell is made from a material called bio-active concrete, infused with microalgae and titanium dioxide. As sunlight hits the surface, the algae absorb carbon dioxide, while the titanium dioxide catalyzes air pollutants into harmless nitrates — effectively cleaning the surrounding air like 40,000 trees.
But the most striking feature is the wind skin: a series of vertical wind channels that funnel breezes between the building’s panels, turning hidden turbines without noise or vibration. Even in light winds, the system generates up to 2 megawatts — enough to cover all building operations and charge over 100 EVs per day.
Inside, waste heat from offices is recycled to grow food in hydroponic towers. Rainwater is filtered through algae channels and reused. And every elevator uses regenerative braking to produce power on descent.
Designed by Oslo-based EcoForma Architects, the tower is part of a Norwegian initiative to build carbon-negative infrastructure in every city by 2040. The structure was built with locally sourced timber-steel hybrid frames and required 70% fewer emissions than concrete construction.
This is not greenwashing — it’s architecture engineered to reverse environmental damage. The building isn’t just carbon-neutral — it actively heals the urban atmosphere around it.

2025年7月7日 星期一

美國現在不相信"基於堅實科學數據做出決策"的傳統 A C.D.C. Committee Voted Against Flu Shots With This Preservative. Is It Safe?

 

A C.D.C. Committee Voted Against Flu Shots With This Preservative. Is It Safe?

美國疾病管制與預防中心委員會投票反對使用這種防腐劑的流感疫苗。它安全嗎?


為美國疾病管制與預防中心(CDC)提供疫苗諮詢的專家小組週四投票決定,不再建議每年接種含有防腐劑硫柳汞的流感疫苗。

此舉證實了長期以來被推翻的理論,即硫柳汞這種近一個世紀以來一直用於疫苗的成分與神經發育問題有關。醫學專家表示,這項決定也與美國免疫實踐諮詢委員會(ACIP)基於堅實科學數據做出決策的傳統背道而馳。

「ACIP 會盡可能基於科學證據提出建議,」兒科傳染病流行病學專家、該小組的投票成員科迪·邁斯納博士說道。

「沒有科學證據表明硫柳汞造成了問題,」他補充道。

An expert panel that advises the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on vaccines voted Thursday to no longer recommend annual flu shots that contain the preservative thimerosal.

The move gives credence to the long debunked theory that the ingredient — which has been used in vaccines for nearly a century — is linked to neurodevelopmental problems. Medical experts said the decision also represents a jarring departure from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices history of making decisions based on strong scientific data.

“A.C.I.P. makes recommendations based on scientific evidence as much as possible,” said Dr. Cody Meissner, an expert in pediatric infectious disease epidemiology and voting member of the panel.

“There is no scientific evidence that thimerosal has caused a problem,” he added.

2025年5月11日 星期日

Scientists froze light solid—and it’s not sci-fi.科學家將光凍結成固體


科學家將光凍結成固體——這並不是科幻小說。 在量子物理奇蹟中,義大利科學家實現了看似不可能的事:他們將光凍結成固態,創造了世界上第一個光晶體。這不是 CGI 或理論——而是經過同行評審的現實,其中光子被迫靜止不動並在開創性的實驗中像原子一樣相互作用。 如何凍結光? ✔ 量子手銬: 義大利國家研究委員會伊諾研究所 (CNR-INO) 的研究人員利用超冷銣原子創建了一個「光學晶格」—一個捕捉光子的雷射網格。 在-273°C(接近絕對零度)時,光粒子失去能量並凍結在原地,形成有序結構。 ✔ 光的行為類似物質: 通常情況下,光子以每秒 300,000 公里的速度運動,並且相互忽略。在這裡,它們強烈地相互作用,模仿晶體中的電子。 結果如何?光作為單一量子物件的「超光子」狀態(玻色-愛因斯坦凝聚態)。 為什麼這會改變一切 量子運算的飛躍:凍結的光可以儲存量子資料而不會退相干。 基於光的記憶:想像一下將資訊儲存在光晶體中的光硬碟。 愛因斯坦的遺產:證實了他 1924 年關於極端條件下波粒二象性的預測。 細則 不是字面上的冰:「固體」光是量子相,不像冰塊那麼有形。 持續時間為納秒:目前是如此——但下一個目標是更長的持續時間。 P.S:這是在哈佛大學 2013 年將光速減慢至 20 英里/小時的壯舉的基礎上實現的——但現在它已經完全停止並結構化了。 想要更多不為人知的故事嗎? 👉 關注[探索宇宙]以獲得更多有趣的事實和新聞!




Scientists froze light solid—and it’s not sci-fi.

In a quantum physics miracle, Italian scientists have achieved what sounds impossible: they froze light into a solid state, creating the world’s first light crystal. This isn’t CGI or theory—it’s peer-reviewed reality, where photons were forced to stand still and interact like atoms in a groundbreaking experiment.
How Do You Freeze Light?
Quantum Handcuffs:
Researchers at CNR-INO (Italy) used ultra-cold rubidium atoms to create an "optical lattice"—a laser grid that trapped photons.
At -273°C (near absolute zero), light particles lost energy and froze in place, forming an ordered structure.
Light Behaving Like Matter:
Normally, photons zip at 300,000 km/s and ignore each other. Here, they interacted strongly, mimicking electrons in a crystal.
The result? A "super-photon" state (Bose-Einstein condensate) where light acts as a single quantum object.
Why This Changes Everything
Quantum Computing Leap: Frozen light could store quantum data without decoherence.
Light-Based Memory: Imagine optical hard drives with info stored in light crystals.
Einstein’s Legacy: Confirms his 1924 prediction about wave-particle duality in extreme conditions.
The Fine Print
Not Literal Ice: The "solid" light is a quantum phase, not tangible like ice cubes.
Lasted Nanoseconds: For now—but longer durations are the next goal.
P.S. This builds on Harvard’s 2013 feat of slowing light to 20 mph—but now it’s fully stopped and structured.
Want more untold stories? Follow [Discover The Universe] for more INTERESTING facts and news!









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2025年4月25日 星期五

WEB DESIGNER: 蛛蜘spiders. 蜜蜂從不睡覺。 藤壺與劇毒火珊瑚共生的生存之道


"Do you know that...? - Old bees don't return to the hive in the evening? They spend the night on flowers, and if they have the chance to see another sunrise, they resume their activity by bringing pollen or nectar to the colony. They do this sensing that the end is near. No bee waits to die in the hive so as not to burden the others. - Bees have cold blood like all insects, yet at the colony level, they are a warm mega-organism. - There are bees that bring pollen and bees that bring nectar, never will a pollen-collecting bee change its task to bring nectar and vice versa. - Although dandelions are yellow, their pollen collected by bees turns orange in the mixing urn with nectar. - The record for keeping a bee colony alive during winter was 356 days without them going out for cleansing flights. - Bees can be useful to humans even after they have died, as they are used in the form of poultices to treat joint pain. - Bees never sleep. Thank you, little bees!!! "
你知道嗎…? ——老蜜蜂晚上不會回蜂巢?它們在花上過夜,如果有機會再看到日出,就會繼續活動,把花粉或花蜜帶回蜂群。它們這樣做是預示著生命即將結束。沒有蜜蜂會為了不給其他蜜蜂增加負擔而在蜂巢裡等死。 ——蜜蜂和所有昆蟲一樣,都是冷血動物,但在蜂群層面,它們是一個溫暖的巨型生物。 ——蜜蜂有採集花粉的,也有採集花蜜的,採集花粉的蜜蜂永遠不會為了採集花蜜而改變自己的工作,反之亦然。 ——雖然蒲公英是黃色的,但蜜蜂採集的花粉在與花蜜混合的容器中會變成橘色。 ——一個蜂群在冬季存活的記錄是356天,它們沒有外出進行清潔飛行。 ——即使蜜蜂死後,它們對人類仍然有用,因為它們可以製成藥膏來治療關節疾病。痛苦。 ——蜜蜂從不睡覺。謝謝你們,小蜜蜂們! ! !google

未提供相片說明。
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藤壺的幼體形態「腺介幼體」,是孔寬楯藤壺得以定居火珊瑚的關鍵。
圖|研之有物(資料來源:陳國勤)

當你漫步在臺灣岩岸的海邊,可以看到岩石上有許多長得像小火山的藤壺,牠們的本體藏在堅硬的外殼底下,在覓食時會伸出「蔓足」抓取海中浮游生物。或許外表看不出來,但是牠們跟螃蟹、蝦子同屬節肢動物的甲殼類。

藤壺形態各異,不只那些長得像火山的「笠藤壺」,還有形似龜爪或鵝頸的藤壺,有興趣可以參考這篇「無所不在的藤壺:與珊瑚共生的低調房客,也是操控螃蟹的蟹奴!」。

藤壺會大量附著在船底或礁石上,也會附著在海龜或鯨魚的身上,增加水下活動的負擔。然而,有些藤壺會發展出很特別的互利共生關係,「孔寬楯藤壺」是本期電子報主角,牠就可以安然的住在帶有劇毒的「火珊瑚」表面,要知道,火珊瑚的刺絲胞毒性,連潛水員碰到都會受傷,火珊瑚為何甘願接納這些不速之客呢?

中研院「研之有物」專訪了院內生物多樣性研究中心主任陳國勤特聘研究員,為我們揭開孔寬楯藤壺在火珊瑚表面的生存之道。秘密,就藏在藤壺獨特的生命週期裡。

藤壺幼體是關鍵:在劇毒中找到定居的家

孔寬楯藤壺能在火珊瑚上定居,關鍵在於牠們的幼體。藤壺是會「變態」的生物,從可以自由游泳的「無節幼體」,歷經六個階段的成長,最後變態成比較沒那麼好動的「腺介幼體」,具有平滑外殼、六對泳肢和一對觸手 。

陳國勤團隊發現,孔寬楯藤壺的無節幼體游過火珊瑚時,還是會被刺絲胞攻擊並被吃掉。但神奇的是,到了腺介幼體階段,情況完全不同!當腺介幼體靠近時,火珊瑚的刺絲胞活動會大幅降低,即使幼體觸碰到也不會有事。腺介幼體就能順利在火珊瑚表面「散步」,尋找適合的定居點。

研究團隊推測,腺介幼體可能分泌了某些化學物質,抑制火珊瑚刺絲胞的活性 。這項研究也將朝生物化學方向深入探索。

「找房」三階段:謹慎的腺介幼體

腺介幼體在火珊瑚上定居,就像人類看房子一樣謹慎。陳國勤發現,牠們會經歷以下三個探索階段。廣範圍搜尋(wide searching):暫時附著,大步快速移動,尋找適合的區域。
近距離搜尋(close searching):放慢步調,小步移動,仔細檢查潛在的定居位置。
最後的檢查(inspection): 確定地點後,永久附著並開始變態為藤壺。第一階段,廣範圍探索的過程中,只要不滿意,腺介幼體會隨時游走。進入近距離的小步伐探索期,腺介幼體找到滿意的地方,會用觸手的附著盤固定自己,分泌膠黏蛋白,然後花將近一週的時間,慢慢變態成藤壺的模樣。

陳國勤說:「孔寬楯藤壺對火珊瑚情有獨鍾,只會在火珊瑚附著。」然而,生活在「火焰」上並不容易...

浴「火」生長的孔寬楯藤壺:50% 機率存活

陳國勤團隊觀察到,腺介幼體附著後,周圍的火珊瑚組織和蟲黃藻會先死亡退開。但隨著幼體變態成藤壺,火珊瑚組織和蟲黃藻會捲土重來,甚至生長覆蓋過藤壺的外殼,阻礙藤壺進食,此時藤壺死亡率 100% 。

另一種情況,也就是陳國勤實驗室觀察到的共生條件。年輕的孔寬楯藤壺會釋放化學物質,在外殼外圍形成一個圈狀結構,稱為「節疤環」,能減緩火珊瑚與蟲黃藻生長速度,避免自己被覆蓋過去。此時,藤壺有 50% 機率存活。成熟後的藤壺藏在火珊瑚裡,不僅能順利覓食,也更安全,不易被掠食者攻擊

陳國勤說。節疤環結構出現的原因,將會是接下來的研究重點。研究藤壺並不容易。陳國勤團隊花了 2 到 3 年,才完整記錄孔寬楯藤壺從幼體到附著變態的過程。

電子報篇幅有限,如果您想知道研究團隊如何飼養脆弱的藤壺幼體,或是想看看腺介幼體找房子的現場直播,歡迎點選閱讀本文~



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│延伸閱讀│

本期延伸閱讀主題是關於海洋生物。如果您想更廣泛地瞭解藤壺的故事,可以看看第一篇文章,陳國勤特聘研究員提供我們相當多精彩的照片,呈現藤壺的多樣性。不只火珊瑚,有些藤壺也會定居在珊瑚上,而四月底正是珊瑚的產卵季,為何珊瑚會同時間大量產卵?前任研究員野澤洋耕與林哲宏博士多年觀察發現,關鍵就在日落到月昇的黑暗時間。最後,不只藤壺有自己的生存之道,要在險惡的海洋環境活下去,曾庸哲副研究員發現,烏龜怪方蟹在代謝能力的演化,是適應極端化環境的關鍵。








無所不在的藤壺:與珊瑚共生的低調房客,也是操控螃蟹的蟹奴!

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珊瑚為何會同時間大量產卵?關鍵在日落到月昇的黑暗期!

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世間險惡!海洋生物透過「代謝能力」保小命




2025年4月17日 星期四

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