Reviving a lost fruit 千年前蜜棗再生記

Dan Balilty for The New York Times

The harvest this month of the long-lost Judean dates at a kibbutz in Israel was hailed as a modern miracle of science. The honey-blond fruit was plucked from a tree that sprouted from a 2,000-year-old seed retrieved from an archaeological site in the Judean wilderness.

Our reporter recounted the work and determination of two women — a researcher on natural medicine and an expert on arid agriculture — to bring back the ancient dates.

這個久違的猶太時代的蜜棗，這個月在以色列一個基布茲有收穫了，這被譽為現代科學奇蹟。 這款蜜桃果實是從一棵樹--朱迪亞曠野的一個考古現場獲取的2000年曆史的種子中萌發--上摘下的。

我們的記者講述了兩位婦女的工作和決心，一位自然醫學研究人員和一位乾旱農業專家，帶回了古老的蜜棗。

Wilhelm Ostwald、(1853-1932) 触媒作用、化学平衡および反応速度に関する研究

Wilhelm Ostwald、(1853-1932)
Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald ドイツ帝国     触媒作用、化学平衡および反応速度に関する研究

Nobel Prize

 

In the 19th century chemists noticed that certain chemical reactions seemed to be caused by substances that remained unchanged in the process.

In the 1880s Wilhelm Ostwald studied the speeds of numerous chemical reactions, including reactions occurring in the presence of acids and bases. In 1894 he revealed what happens: a substance - a catalyst - can affect a chemical reaction's speed, but is not included in its end-products. It does this by lowering the reaction's activation energy 活化能 - the energy needed to kick-off a reaction (see picture). This understanding shed great light on chemical reactions occurring in both industrial processes and living organisms and led to Ostwald receiving the 1909 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

More about Ostwald: https://bit.ly/318NaoK