“'Cybernetics' (based on kybernetes, the Greek word for 'steersman,' cognate to English 'governor') was the science, Norbert Wiener announced, of 'communication and control,' or of feedback mechanisms in general. In his improbable 1948 best seller 'Cybernetics,' he would claim that the new science takes up 'the blank spaces on the map' between estranged, overspecialized scientific disciplines. This ambition meant that Wiener needed a language to mediate between those disciplines: information."
An appealing feature of ''The Dream Machine'' is its comprehensiveness. Most of the big names are here, along with brief synopses of their ideas. Using the common trick in popular science writing of humanizing the players, Waldrop gives us not only Alan Turing's account of an abstract computer but his tragic death at 41. John von Neumann's work on computer architecture is sketched, as are tales about his lightning mental calculations. Norbert Wiener's cybernetics (the name didn't stick, but the prefix sure did) is presented as is his proverbial absent-mindedness. The same treatment is accorded Vannevar Bush's anticipations of hypertext, Claude Shannon's information theory and the psychologist George Miller's and the linguist Noam Chomsky's rebuttal of behaviorism.
下引文或許深一點 不過我們主要談這句:
Norbert Wiener's cybernetics (the name didn't stick, but the prefix sure did) is presented as is his proverbial absent-mindedness.
它說數學家Norbert Wiener鑄的 cybernetics 一字，並沒有普遍化， 廣為人所應用。
不過，它的前綴cyber倒是常存了 (譬如說 cyberspace/cybercrime......)。
cybernetics Show phonetics
noun [U]
the scientific study of how information is communicated in machines and electronic devices in comparison with how information is communicated in the brain and nervous system
prefix (GRAMMAR) Show phonetics
noun [C]
a letter or group of letters added to the beginning of a word to make a new word:
In the word 'unimportant', 'un-' is a prefix.
See also affix (WORD PART). Compare suffix.
cybernetics
Origin: 1948
We who spend so much time in the cyberworld owe it all, or at least the cyber-, to the American scientist Norbert Wiener. For his 1948 book Cybernetics he derived the prefix from classical Greek kubernGtGs, meaning "one who steers," and added the suffix -ics to indicate that it was a science like physics or mathematics. Wiener, a mathematician, proposed cybernetics as the study of systems of control and communication, in particular those of the human mind and the computer. The analogy between mind and machine introduced by cybernetics made possible the development of primitive computers into machines that imitate human modes of thinking.
模控學(大陸稱為控制論)是《模控學:或關於在動物和機器中控制和通訊的科學》[1]，由諾伯特·維納(Wiener,N.)著，麻省理工學院出版社出版於1948年，維納創造新字「Cybernetics」命名當時新的學科，本書是模控學的奠基之作，是自動控制、傳播學、電子技術、無線電通訊、神經生理學、心理學、醫學、數學邏輯、電腦技術和統計力學等多種學科相互滲透的產物。模控學的奠基人是諾伯特·維納，他於1943年在《行為、目的和目的論》中，首先提出了「模控學」這個概念，第一次把只屬於生物的有目的的行為賦予機器，闡明了模控學的基本思想。1948年諾伯特·維納又發表了《模控學》，為模控學奠定了理論基礎，標著著它的正式誕生。模控學、系統論和資訊理論是現代信息技術的理論基礎。。
Nobert Wiener Cyberntics﹐or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine﹐MIT Press.1948,1962
Norbert Wiener : Cybernetics池原止戈夫 他訳; サイバネティックス 第2版- 動物と機械における制御と通信 岩波書店1961
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