2017年10月2日 星期一

2017 NobelPrize in Physics go to the entire LIGO Scientific Collaboration. LIGO 第 2 次發現重力波 Signs of black holes merging arrive a century after Albert Einstein predicted them

中央社新聞粉絲團
清大光電工程所教授趙煦謙虛地說,發現重力波的論文有1015個共同作者,他們只是其中的5個人,貢獻遠不如3位諾貝爾得主。
謝謝你們為科學的付出!👏👏👏👏👏
2017諾貝爾物理學獎頒給首度觀測到「重力波」的LIGO(雷射干...
CNA.COM.TW|作者:中央社新聞粉絲團

California Institute of Technology - Caltech 分享了 Nobel Prize 的貼文
Congratulations for the 2017 #NobelPrize in Physics go to the entire LIGO Scientific Collaboration collaboration, with special thanks to National Science Foundation (NSF) for support!
Nobel Prize

The story behind the building of LIGO – a gigantic interferometer:
It took years of developing the most sensitive instrument ever to be able to distinguish gravitational waves from all the background noise. This required sophisticated analysis and advanced theory, for which Kip Thorne was the expert. But the highest levels of creative engineering and craftsmanship are necessary to build ingenious instruments, and this was Rainer Weiss’ pioneering contribution. The laser light’s wavelength and intensity must be as stable as possible, and the beam must hit the suspended mirrors precisely. They should hardly shake at all, not even when leaves fall from nearby trees, a child runs by or a lorry passes on a distant road. At the same time, these hanging mirrors must be free to swing with the passage of gravitational waves. The thermal motion of atoms on the surface of the mirrors must be compensated for, as well as quantum effects in the laser. It was necessary to develop new laser technology and invent new materials, as well as construct gigantic vacuum tubes, seismic isolation and other vital technology far beyond what had previously been achieved.
Running such a project on a small scale was no longer possible and a new approach was needed. In 1994, when Barry Barish took over as leader for LIGO, he transformed the small research group of about 40 people into a large-scale international collaboration with more than a thousand participants. He searched for the necessary expertise and brought in numerous research groups from many countries. The impossible dream could only come true through the collaborative efforts of big science.
Rainer Weiss, Barry C. Barish and Kip S. Thorne are awarded the 2017 Nobel Prize “for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves”.
From popular information ”Cosmic chirps” (pdf): goo.gl/VaR6qp



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繼去年 9 月 14 日透過兩座激光干涉重力波天文台 (LIGO) 測量到重力波後,物理學家再在今日 (16.6) 發表報告,指他們成功在去年 12 月 26 日 3:38 UTC 在錄得 14 億光年以外,錄得兩個黑洞合併時散發出的重力波。報告已刊於《物理評論快報》。
第 2 次測量到重力波再次證實愛因斯坦 100 年前提出的廣義相對論。有份參與研究的物理學家 Salvatore Vitale 向 《MIT News》表示:「第一次測量到重力波時,一切實在太美,對我們來說根本是難以置信。而現在,我們又再錄得另一個重力波訊號,證明我們真的觀察到宇宙間有雙黑洞存在。我們相信將來可以繼續測量到重力波,並從中揭開更多科學奧秘。」

我們又做到了!——LIGO 物理學家 Salvatore Vitale。 LIGO 物理學家...
THESTANDNEWS.COM


California Institute of Technology - Caltech
"With the advent of Advanced ‪#‎LIGO‬, we anticipated researchers would eventually succeed at detecting unexpected phenomena, but these two detections thus far have surpassed our expectations. National Science Foundation (NSF)'s 40-year investment in this foundational research is already yielding new information about the nature of the dark universe."— NSF director France A. Córdova (PhD ’79)



The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo collaboration identify a second gravitational wave event in the data from Advanced LIGO detectors.
CALTECH.EDU






BREAKING: The Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) has detected gravitational waves from two colliding black holes for the second time. Our coverage from the first detection

 In this paper we investigate a severe pollution episode that occurred in Beijing, Tianjin, and the Hebei province in January 2013. The episode was caused by the combination of anthropogenic emissions and a high-pressure system that trapped pollutants in the boundary layer. Using IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) satellite measurements, high concentrations of key trace gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ammonia (NH3) along with ammonium sulfate aerosol ((NH4)2SO4) are found.





interferometer 

Pronunciation: /ˌɪntəfəˈrɒmɪtə/ 





NOUN

Physics
An instrument in which the interference of two beams of light is employed to makeprecise measurements.




Derivatives





interferometric


Pronunciation: /ˌɪntəfɛrəˈmɛtrɪk/ 
ADJECTIVE







interferometrically


Pronunciation: /ˌɪntəfɛrəˈmɛtrɪk(ə)li/ 
ADVERB







interferometry


Pronunciation: /ˌɪntəfəˈrɒmɪtri/ 
NOUN

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